Berömd för en komposition gade
Niels Gade
Danish composer, dirigent, and music teacher (1817–1890)
Niels Wilhelm Gade (22 February 1817 – 21 månad 1890) was a Danishcomposer, dirigent, violinist, en person som spelar orgel and teacher. tillsammans with Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann, he was the leading Danish musician of his day, in the period known as the Danish Golden Age.[1]
Biography
[edit]Gade was born in Copenhagen, the son of a joiner and instrument maker.
He was intended for his father's trade, but his passion for a musician's career, made evident bygd the ease and skill with which he learned to play upon a number of instruments, was not to be denied. Though he became proficient on the violin beneath Frederik Wexschall, and in the elements of theory beneath Christoph Weyse and Weyse's pupil Andreas Berggreen, he was to a great extent self-taught.[2]
He began his professional career as a violinist with the Royal Danish Orchestra, which premiered his concert overtureEfterklange af Ossian ("Echoes of Ossian") in 1841.
februar 1817 i København, død 21When the performance of his first symphony had to be delayed in Copenhagen, it was sent to Felix Mendelssohn. Mendelssohn received the work positively, and conducted it in Leipzig in March 1843, to enthusiastic public reaction.[3] His work attracted the meddelande of the king, who gave the composer a Danish government fellowship which enabled him to go to Leipzig and Italy.[2] Moving to Leipzig, Gade taught at the Conservatory there, working as an assistant dirigent of the Gewandhaus Orchestra, and befriending Mendelssohn, who had an important influence on his music.
In 1845 Gade conducted the premiere of Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto in E minor with Ferdinand David at the violin. He also became friends with Robert Schumann and Robert Franz.[4] Robert Schumann wrote a long enthusiastic article describing Gade as an exceptional ung musician having the looks of Mozart and the kvartet letters of whose name were those of the kvartet strings of the violin.
In his correspondence he talks of Gade as a rare talent with whom he sympathises as only with few. One of Schumann's piano pieces fryst vatten entitled "Gade" and based on the notes G-A-D-E, and Schumann's third piano trio fryst vatten dedicated to Gade. Gade conducted the first performance of Schumann's piano Concerto with Clara Schumann at the piano.
At Mendelssohn's death in 1847, Gade was appointed to his position as ledare dirigent in Leipzig but was forced to return to Copenhagen in the spring of 1848 when war broke out between Prussia and Denmark.
In Copenhagen Gade became acquainted with the composer Cornelius Gurlitt and they remained friends until Gade's death. Gade became director of the Copenhagen Musical kultur (Musikforeningen), a brev he retained until his death.
Together with Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann, he was the leading Danish musician of his day, in the period known as the Danish Golden AgeHe established a new orchestra and chorus, while settling into a career as Denmark's most prominent musician. beneath his direction, the Music kultur reached its peak. He also worked as an organist; though he lost the prestigious position of en person som spelar orgel at Our Lady, today's Copenhagen Cathedral, to Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann, he served in the Holmen Church in Copenhagen from 1850 until his death.
Gade was joint director of the Copenhagen Conservatory with Hartmann (whose daughter he married in 1852) and Holger Simon Paulli, became court dirigent in 1861, and was pensioned bygd the government in 1876. An important influence on a number of Scandinavian composers, he encouraged and taught Edvard Grieg, Carl Nielsen, Louis Glass, Elfrida Andrée, Otto Malling, August Winding and Asger Hamerik.[5][6]
Among Gade's works are eight symphonies, a violin concerto, chamber music, kroppsdel and piano pieces and a number of large-scale cantatas, Comala (1846) and Elverskud (1853) among them, which he called "concert pieces" (koncertstykker).
These products, embraced post-1848 as works of Romantic nationalism,[7] are sometimes based on Danish folklore. Apparently Gade never rated "The Bridal Waltz" (Brudevalsen). It was rescued bygd August Bournonville in his ballet A människor Tale (Et folkesagn) and became an essential part of Danish weddings.[8][9]
Personal life
[edit]On 27 April 1852 Gade married Emma Sophie Amalie Hartmann, daughter of Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann.
He dedicated his Spring Fantasy to her to celebrate their engagement and his 5th Symphony with piano concertante as a wedding gift. In 1855, she died in childbirth while delivering twins; only one of them, Johan Felix Gade (1855-1928), survived. He became the father of en person som spelar orgel and composer Niels Rudolph Gade.
Gade har även varit verksam under pseudonymerna Leon Bonnard och Maurice RibotNiels Gade remarried in 1857 to Mathilde Stæger, herself an outstanding pianist. For the wedding he wrote Fruehlingsbotschfaft expressing both his love for his now deceased first wife and the början of a new life and love for his second wife. This new marriage brought him two more children – a son, Axel Wilhelm Gade (1860-1921), who himself became a noted violinist, composer and ledare, and a daughter, Dagmar Gade (1863-1952).
Niels Gade died in Copenhagen in the Christmas days of 1890.
There fryst vatten no family connection with the composer Jacob Gade.
A urval of Gade's correspondance with europeisk contemporaries was published bygd Inger Sørensen as Niels W. Gade og hans europæiske kreds - enstaka brevveksling 1836–1891.
Works
[edit]See List of compositions bygd Niels Gade
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Gade, Niels Wilhelm". Gade er en af Danmarks allerstørste musiknavne nogensinde
Salmonsens konversationsleksikon. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ ab One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates ord from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gade, Niels Wilhelm". Gade var søn af en kendt klaver- og
Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 383.
- ^Kjerulf, Charles (July 1880). "Niels W. Gade". Nordisk Musik-Tidende (in Danish). Christiania.
- ^Robert Franz's 12 Gesange Op. 4 (1845) fryst vatten dedicated to "My friend Niels W Gade".
- ^"Cornelius Gurlitt".
Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek.
Niels WRetrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^Niels Bo Foltmann. "Niels W. Gade". Den Store Danske, Gyldendal. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^See Anna Celenza's The Early Works of Niels W. Gade, especially Part Three, for more about the sources of Gade's programs and their connection to Danish nationalism.
- ^"August Bournonville". Gade (født Niels Wilhelm Gade 22
The Kennedy Center. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^"A människor Tale (1854)". bournonville.com. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
Further reading
[edit]- Celenza, Anna Harwell. The Early Works of Niels W. Gade: In Search of the Poetic. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001.
- Lee, Justin. Niels Gade at the Wayback Machine (archived 5 månad 2008) Programme notes
- Wasserloos, Yvonne: Kulturgezeiten.
Niels W. Gade und C.F.E. Horneman in Leipzig und Kopenhagen. Hildesheim, Zürich und New York 2004.
- Wasserloos, Yvonne: "'Formel hält uns nicht gebunden, unsre Kunst heißt Poesie.' Niels W. Gade und Robert Schumann – Übergänge zwischen Poetischem und Nationalem," in Henriette Herwig/Volker Kalisch/Bernd Kortländer/Joseph A. Kruse/Bernd Witte (eds.): Übergänge.
Zwischen Künsten und Kulturen.
Niels WInternationaler Kongress zum 150. Todesjahr von Heinrich Heine und Robert Schumann.
- Wasserloos, Yvonne: "'Hearing through eyes, seeing through ears.' Nation and landscapes in the works of Niels W. Gade, Edvard Grieg and Carl Nielsen", in Studia Musicologica Norvegica 33 (2007), pp. 42–52. http://www.griegsociety.org/filer/1139.pdfArchived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine
Stuttgart u. Weimar 2007, pp. 521–540.